The purpose of the paper is to propose a synthetic reflection about the teachings of a research dealing with the transformation of the energy issue in several Arab cities and to link it to the revolutionary movements. Traditionally seen as a geopolitical and state issue, the issue of energy in the countries of the southern Mediterranean takes on new dimensions in relation to injunctions related to sustainable development and the emergence of renewable energy, in a context of a very strong growth of demand, particularly noticeable in the cities. This in turn spurs significant tensions on prices. Injunctions related to climate change and supported by international institutions are superimposed to existing tensions, which translates locally by...