Sustainable Development And Human Security In The African New Democracy Challenges And Solutions

The post-colonial African continent witnessed a state of instability, which affected in particular the societal fabric of African countries and the stability of their attempts to follow the democratic path within the process of post-colonial democratization. Among the problems that the continent suffered from is the national and ethnic diversity. The corruption of the ruling political authority and the arbitrariness of the political elites for their own interests at the expense of the higher interest of the state, as these policies revealed an imbalance in achieving development in the various regions of the same country, not to mention the entire continent. Which led to the emergence of divisive tendencies and the destabilization of societal security between the two different groups to seize the richest areas and the availability of resources, which led to the perpetration of massacres, liquidation, ethnic cleansing and genocide among many groups and in many countries such as “Hutus and Tutsis” in the mid-nineties of the twentieth century in The Great Lakes region and other examples. Nigeria, which is the largest African giant in terms of human resources, a country that suffers from an imbalance in achieving development between the north and the rich south due to the poor distribution of resources and the corruption of political power, which led to the concentration of resources in a particular region without another, which led to the emergence of new security threats. These disputes Some refer it to a religious aspect and others to an economic aspect, which is the main element in most of these conflicts