International audienceIn the French Mediterranean arch, over more than the past century, specialists in recent Prehistory have been focusing on developing a chrono-cultural framework. In this context, pottery forms and decorative styles have been of primary importance for identifying cultural entities of limited geographic extension, and which developed original traits. This article presents a critical review of all the French region-wide literature and a historiographic analysis of the end of the Neolithic. The objective is to dissect the current theories on this period and their use in the development of an explanatory system whose demonstrations, despite all these years of research, are still too often based on an accumulation of non-upd...