Learning and Teaching Geometry in Elementary School Mathematics

Djeca se u ranoj dobi počinju igrati s igračkama raznih oblika i veličina. Već tada počinju primjećivati njihova svojstva i međusobne odnose. Sve do škole učenici kroz igru nesvjesno uče geometriju. No, geometrijski zadaci u školi, često učenicima predstavljaju problem. Geometrija je velikim dijelom vizualno područje, ali pri rješavanju zadataka nije dovoljno zadatku pristupiti isključivo iz vizualne perspektive. Naime, geometrija i planimetrija prepune su zadataka u kojima je pri rješavanju potrebno koristiti rezultate koji su poznati od prije. Zbog toga učenici imaju otpor prema geometriji jer je malo šablonskih zadataka koje oni preferiraju. Iz tog razloga učenicima treba približiti različite pristupe učenja. Kroz praktične i raznolike zadatke učenici će steći osjećaj za prepoznavanje pojedinih rezultata iz geometrije, potrebnih za daljnje rješavanje problema. Iako se dokazi rijetko pojavljuju unutar osnovnoškolskih udžbenika, trebali bi se koristiti prilikom poučavanju. Dokazima bi se postiglo bolje razumijevanje gradiva kao i zadacima koji imaju primjenu na situacije iz svakodnevnog života.Children at an early age begin to play with toys of various shapes and sizes. Even then, they notice their properties and interrelationships. All the way through school, pupils unconsciously learn geometry through various games. However, geometric tasks in school are often a problem for pupils. Geometry is mostly a visual area, but it is not enough to approach the task exclusively from a visual perspective when it comes to solving problems. Furthermore, geometry and planimetry are full of tasks in which it is necessary to use results that are known from before. Therefore, students have an aversion to geometry because there are not so many template tasks that they prefer. For this reason, pupils need to be introduced to different approaches to learning. Through practical and diverse tasks, students will gain a sense of recognizing individual results in geometry, needed to further solve the problem. Although mathematical proofs rarely appear within elementary school textbooks, they should be used in teaching. Mathematical proofs would provide a better understanding of the curriculum as well as tasks that have an application to everyday life situations