Molecular identification of species in seafood products

DNA barkodiranje je metoda molekularne identifikacije vrsta s korisnom primjenom u kontroli sastava sirovina i taksonomskoj identifikaciji životinjskih vrsta iz proizvoda ribarstva. Metoda se temelji na analizi mitohondrijskog lokusa, podjedinici I gena citokrom c oksidaze (COI). U predmetnom istraživanju provedena je molekularna analiza 98 proizvoda ribarstva i otkriveno je 26 (26,5%) slučajeva netočno deklariranih vrsta na hrvatskom tržištu. Među pogrešno identificiranim vrstama 25 (96,2%) uzoraka pripadalo je kralježnjacima, a 1 (3,8%) beskralježnjacima. Među neispravno deklariranim vrstama kralježnjaka, 13 (52%) ih je pripadalo redu Gadiformes. Identificirana vrsta beskralježnjaka u neispravno deklariranom proizvodu ribarstva je potjecala iz reda Myopsida, porodice Loliginidae. U ovom radu je prvi put dana molekularna sekvenca morfološki identificirane vrste Parasquilla ferussaci (Roux, 1828). Vrsta pripada podredu Unipeltata, nadporodici Parasquilloidea, porodici Parasquillidae, rodu Parasquilla. Izvršena je filogenetska analiza i prikazan je njen odnos sa srodnim vrstama unutar reda Stomatopoda pomoću filogenetskog stabla. Dobiveni rezultati sugeriraju da je promatrana vrsta evolucijski najbliža vrsti Faughnia formosae Manning i Chan, 1997, a najudaljenija od vrste Pseudosquillopsis marmorata (Lockington, 1877).DNA barcoding is a method of molecular identification of species with useful application in control of the composition and taxonomic identification of animal species in seafood products. The method is based on the analysis of a single mitochondrial locus, a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. In this study a molecular analysis of 98 fishery products from Croatian market was conducted and results revealed 26 (26.5%) cases of incorrect species declarations. Among the misidentified species, 25 (96.2%) samples belonged to vertebrates and 1 (3.8%) to invertebrates. Among the incorrectly declared vertebrate species, 13 (52%) belonged to the order Gadiformes. The identified invertebrate species in the incorrectly declared fishery product originated from the order Myopsida, family Loliginidae. In this study, for the first time, the molecular sequence of the morphologically identified species Parasquilla ferussaci (Roux, 1828) was given. The species belongs to the suborder Unipeltata, superfamily Parasquilloidea, family Parasquillidae and the genus Parasquilla. Phylogenetic analysis was performed and the evolutionary relationship of target species and others within the order Stomatopoda was shown using a phylogenetic tree. The obtained results suggest that the observed species is evolutionarily closest to the species Faughnia formosae Manning & Chan, 1997, and furthest from the species Pseudosquillopsis marmorata (Lockington, 1877)