Experimental aspects of neutrino oscillation physics

International audienceThe experimental review of this paper is mainly focussed on a particular aspect of the neutrino physics which is the observation and understanding of the neutrino oscillation process. This quantum mechanical mechanism involves several parameters linked to the neutrino properties which are described through a lepton mixing matrix. The detailed knowledge of those parameters may provide a key tool to answer several fundamental questions including the existence or not of flavour violation in the leptonic sector. The discovery of neutrino flavour oscillation 10 years ago was followed by an intense experimental activity with several key experiments which provided many clues to start to unravel the neutrino oscillation puzzle. The program is still active and impressive experimental challenges are underway to pursue this goal. The aim of the talk is to recall the main neutrino historical path and to give an overview of the many experimental aspects of the neutrino oscillation studies performed since10 years and the main results obtained