Indicates state lines, county lines, and county seats. Eight original shires, established 1634, tinted yellow. Independent cities (not administered by a county government), with dates of incorporation as cities, tinted blue, with the exception of Hampton and Newport News which cover areas of Original Shires, Warwich (River) and Elizabeth City couties, now extinct. County origins taken from charts and county abstracts in first edition of A Hornbook of Virginia History (1949, Division of History of the Virginia Department of Conservation and Development, Richmond); the recent consolidation of areas to form new cities taken from 1965 edition of the Hornbook (publ. by the State Library, Richmond, under direction of Randolph W. Church, Virgini...