Masks and theromorphic figures in central saharian rock art. After recalling the rock art chronology, Saharian masks and theromorphic figures are described. They are found for the most in the "Naturalistic Bubaline" school (mainly at Oued Djerat in Tassili and Mathendous in Fezzan) and in the Tassilian Round Heads. Their position with regard to peripheral areas is specified. Contacts with the pharaonic Egypt or the Predynastic are very unlikely. But a very old, common archaic substratum, peculiar to the Afro-asiatic linguistic group, is perhaps reflected by a common "africanness" in artistic themes.Après un rappel de la chronologie des figurations rupestres, on décrit les masques et théromorphes, surtout concentrés dans les écoles du "Bub...