A Study on Enhancing Policy Effectiveness for Youth Start-ups

본 연구는 우리나라 청년창업 실태 등을 포함한 청년창업 생태계를 분석하고, 청년창업 지원정책의 추진 실태와 문제점을 파악하며, 창업선진국의 우수사례를 벤치마킹하여 현시점에서 가장 필요한 개선 방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 통하여 청년창업 지원정책의 효과를 높일 수 있는 구체적인 실천 방안을 제시함으로써 청년 일자리 확대는 물론, 장기적으로 산업계에 젊은 피를 수혈하여 경제 전반의 활성화와 경제성장의 기반 마련에 기여하고자 한다. 또한 청년창업을 장려하고 창업 성공률을 높여, 과도하게 안정 지향적인 청년들의 취업 방향이나 취업준비 문화에도 변화의 실마리를 제공하고자 한다.Recently, Korea has paid more attention to settle a virtuous economic cycle where economic growth results in more jobs as a solution to address increasing youth unemployment and falling youth employment rate. The newly inaugurated Park Geunhye administration reflected this situation by including to its policy agenda ‘job creation through stimulated venture start-ups’. And for its implementation, the administration established measures as nurturing talented young entrepreneurs and promoting environment friendly to re-challenge to help support youth start-ups and employment. This research, to support such government efforts, has compiled numerous opinions and research findings that had been suggested so far on stimulating youth start-ups and job creation to find out the current situation of young entrepreneurial assistant policies and their problems while employing many research methods to find a way of improvement. Based on these research activities, we drew four different suggestions for policy upgrade. The four suggestions are to establish a solid foundation for youth business activity, an education system for youth business activity, a system assisting youth business start and investment collection and a system helping business closure and rechallenge. As a more concrete way of establishing a sound foundation for youth business activity, to enhance people’s awareness on start-up, more active public promotion should be conducted about young people’s business foundation and the policy systems assisting business establishment should be reorganized to be more consistent to each other. More tax breaks for youth’s enterprises to attract more activities. The domestic market related to youth business should be stimulated for more voluntary participation of young generation. Also, additional punishment can be imposed on any illegal or evasive attempts including unfair market trading practice, viewed as an obstacle to youth start-ups. To nurture an educational system for young generation’s business engagement, long-term and systematic business education should be reinforced from the elementary, middle and high schools as well as a more specialized occupational capacity development program. Schools present more opportunities and experiences to present new ideas and realize them and expand education programs on problem solving, reorganizing themselves in line with creativity nurturing. For business foundation and investment collection, more investment, than loan, should be involved in youth businesses. Appropriated funds should be injected according to different business phases. Technology assessment needs to be reinforced. Assistants should base on demand. Youth business areas need to b diversified. Female youth business also needs to get more assistance. M&ampA activities should be stimulated. For safe business closure and active re-challenging efforts, any youth with unsuccessful businesses should be granted with an opportunity to challenge again. And as for business with slim chance of success, assistance will also be necessary to make a bold and reasonable decision to close up and the assisted funds should be collected back, preventing possible moral hazard regarding this assistance system. Some of the proposed policy agenda herein should be pursued long-term and some others were already proposed by the government to implement but they still need further implementation for their low effectiveness. If the proposed policy tasks in this research are followed as expected, Korea’s youth business activities and start-ups will be largely stimulated. Youth business stimulation will help realize the administration’s goal of creative economy and add more jobs for the youth to improve employment rate. Higher youth employment in the country is expected to bringing in domestic demand activation favorable for the virtuous economic cycle where the national economy can escape from a trap of USD 20,000 GDP.제1장 서 론_1 제1절 연구 목적과 필요성3 제2절 연구 내용6 제3절 연구 방법8 제4절 기대 효과10 제2장 청년층 노동시장 이행과 청년창업_13 제1절 청년층 노동시장 이행15 제2절 청년층 창업 실태22 제3절 청년창업에 대한 쟁점52 제4절 소결65 제3장 청년창업 지원정책 추진현황_67 제1절 교육훈련 단계69 제2절 아이디어 창출 단계77 제3절 사업화 및 사업 확장 단계79 제4절 재도전 단계99 제5절 소결101 제4장 청년창업 지원정책 관련자 조사 분석_109 제1절 지원정책 참가자 조사111 제2절 창업성공자 등 집중면담140 제3절 소결151 제5장 청년창업 지원정책 해외 사례_153 제1절 이스라엘155 제2절 미국168 제3절 핀란드184 제4절 주요국 사례의 정책적 시사점190 제6장 청년창업 지원정책 효과성 개선 방안_195 제1절 청년창업 기반 조성197 제2절 창업교육훈련 생태계 조성210 제3절 사업화 및 투자회수 지원217 제4절 재도전 보장과 정리 촉진228 제5절 소결232 SUMMARY_235 참고문헌_239 부 록_249 설문지25