Whilst a 2 or 3 degrees rise on earth appears inevitable, country's resilience to climate change has become a crucial issue. Whereas technologies may play a major role in the global effort to adapt to climate change, little is known about the development and diffusion of adaptation technologies. This thesis, made of four chapters presenting descriptive and econometric studies, attempts to fill this gap by analyzing both countries and firms innovation behavior in adaptation technologies over the last 30 years, relying on a unique patent database targeting adaptation technologies. The first chapter provides the first descriptive study of the global invention and transfer of adaptation technologies. The observations indicate that countries did...