B(C) materials were prepared by LPCVD and characterized physico-chemically: the influence of boron content added to carbon on nanostructures was determined. The ability of these materials to play the role of interphase has been highlighted in 1D SiC/SiC model composites (microcomposites): their mechanical behavior in the ambient as well as their resistance to oxidation have been optimized. A composition gradient C(B) interphase was selected and implemented by CVI in a 2D SiC/SiC composite whose mechanical and service life properties under load to air at temperature were studied.Des matériaux C(B) ont été préparés par LPCVD et caractérisés au plan physico-chimique : l'influence de la teneur en bore additionné au carbone sur les nano-structur...