Ethology, from naturalist anecdotes to the quantitative and experimental analysis of behaviour Ethology has its roots in the observations of naturalists from Aristotle to the 19th century. It is also anchored in the studies of 19th century comparative psychologists, especially those defending the experimental method. Ethology refutes an approach solely based on a stimulus-response (S-R) link obtained in a laboratory by an experimenter. The founders of ethology focus on the phylogenetically inherited aspect of behaviours and their trigger mechanisms. Based on his study of the functional aspect of behaviours through observations and experiments in natural environments, Tinbergen defines ethology as the «biology of behaviour» , a scientific, ...