Practise and Rural Sociology in the World

Rural sociology is not equally developed in different parts of the world. The reasons for this are different. In a considerable measure they are of an historic nature; for the need for it came to be felt in some places earlier, in some later. Thus it first emerged in Europe and North America where it is now theoretically most highly developed. However, since the Second World War and as a result of the dissolution of the colonial system many new states have emerged in Asia, Africa and Latin America in which peasants from the majority of the population. Since most of these countries were underdeveloped, their scientific and practical requirements demanded a scientific sociological approach to the study of their rural societies. This was especially demanded by various social forces seeking the transformation or preservation of the existing relations in rural areas. These forces include the state, political parties, churches, cooperatives and international organizations. This development has led to the need for the profession of rural sociologist. There are also other factors which have a promoting influence on this development. One of them is the effect of various social systems. In this respect there are not only differences between capitalist and socialist countries, but these systems have a very great effect on undeveloped countries. In some of these the influence comes chiefly from capitalism, in others from socialism. This development is further influenced by the structure of the particular rural society, i. e, its underlying natural basis, the level of its technical development, and differences in climate and configuration. The most important aspect of these trends is the fact that the need for professional rural sociologists is increasing in social practice