Theoretical and Methodological Analysis of Current Trends in the Professionalization of Future Teachers

У статті проаналізовано теоретичні аспекти професіоналізації майбутніх педагогів у процесі їх підготовки в закладах вищої освіти. Виокремлено принципи відкритої освіти, охарактеризовано методологію освітнього процесу, концептуальні положення професіоналізації, основні підсистеми, покладені в основу професіоналізму. Досліджено функції освітнього процесу, що сприяють професійному зростанню майбутнього фахівця. Авторами схарактеризовано особистісний професіогенез майбутнього фахівця педагогічної справи через визначені напрями, професійний супровід майбутнього педагога, динаміку професійного становлення особистості через основні стадії. Приводиться орієнтовна модель професіоналізації, ключові положення, що базуються на визначених професійних і особистісних компетентностях.The article analyzes the theoretical aspects of professionalization of future teachers in the process of their training in higher education institutions. The principles of open education in Ukraine are highlighted: open planning of education, freedom to draw up an individual curriculum by choosing from a system of courses; freedom in choosing the time and pace of study, freedom in choosing the place of study; transition from the principle of “lifelong learning” to the principle of “lifelong education”; free development of the individuality. The methodology of the educational process is characterized, which includes a system of principles, methods of organization and construction of theoretical and practical activities, the doctrine of this system. The conceptual provisions of professionalization, the main subsystems that are the basis of professionalism are studied; the functions of the educational process that contribute to the professional growth of the future specialist are studied: cognitive function, praxeological function, axiological function, reflexive function, function of normative prescription, function of creativity. The authors describe the personal professional genesis of the future pedagogical specialist through certain areas: the formation of internal means of professional activity through the accumulation of special knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for a particular field of activity, the development of such personality substructures as motivation, interest in it, professional traits, character, values, ability to communicate professionally, reflection, individual style of professional activity, accompanied by a gradual restructuring of the individual, increases its autonomy in solving professional problems; and through the assimilation of external (social) means of professional activity, which is accompanied by the accumulation of certain social regulators in this professional environment; mastering the social space of the profession of relevant materials and information and functional means of professional activity; professional support of the future teacher, which enables competitiveness in the labor market; the dynamics of professional development of the individual through the main stages. An approximate model of professionalization, key provisions based on certain professional and personal competencies are given