Covid-19 kod djece

COVID-19 in children accounts for up to 8% of all the cases and is less severe than in adults. This could be an underestimation. A significant number of children are asymptomatic. Sympto-matic infection is hard to distinguish from other respiratory tract viral infections based on symp-toms and laboratory results. Anosmia is the only symptom in children that is highly suggestive of COVID-19. Infected children mostly have a positive household member. However, the role of children in SARS-CoV-2 transmission is still controversial. Data suggest that schoolchildren have a greater impact in SARS-CoV-2 transmission compared to younger children. Multisystem in-flammatory syndrome in children is a new entity reported since April 2020 and is considered a rare complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. It occurs in previously healthy older children and adolescents presenting with multisystem involvement and elevated inflammatory markers. Most children respond well to immune-modifying therapy. Treatment of COVID-19 in children is based solely on data received from adults and consists of supportive treatment and, in rare occasions, antiviral therapy (remdesivir), corticosteroids (dexa-methasone) and monoclonal antibodies (tocilizumab). Further studies in children are needed in order to better understand this disease. This article discusses clinical presentation and therapeutic options for COVID-19 in children.Gotovo 8% svih slučajeva COVID-19 javlja se u dječjoj dobi, a klinička je slika blaža u odnosu na odrasle bolesnike. Ovaj je postotak vjerojatno I veći, s obzirom na činjenicu da velik broj djece ne pokazuje simptome bolesti. Na temelju simptoma i laboratorijskih nalaza, simptomatsku je infekciju teško razlikovati od ostalih virusnih respiratornih infekcija. Jedini simptom koji je vrlo sugestivan za COVID-19 kod djece je anosmija. Djeca oboljela od COVID-19 najčešće imaju pozitivan kontakt u kućanstvu, ali je uloga djece u transmisiji SARS-CoV-2 još uvijek kontroverzna. Djeca školske dobi imaju veću ulogu u transmisiji SARS-CoV-2 od mlađe djece. Multisistemski hiperinflamatorni sindrom kod djece rijetka je posljedica SARS-CoV-2 infekcije i razvija se kod prethodno zdrave djece i adolescenata, a karakteriziran je zahvaćanjem više organskih sustava i povišenim upalnim parametrima. Većina djece ima zadovoljavajući klinički odgovor na imunomodulatornu terapiju. Preporuke za liječenje COVID-19 kod djece oslanjaju se na preporuke o liječenju odraslih, a sastoje se od suportivnog liječenja te, u rijetkim slučajevima, antivirusne terapije (remdesivir), kortikosteroida (deksametazon) monoklonskih protutijela (tocilizumab). Potrebne su daljnje studije u svrhu boljeg razumijevanja ove bolesti. U ovom članku raspravljamo o kliničkoj prezentaciji i liječenju COVID-19 kod djece