[An assessment of the Czechoslovakian divorce. Transitions to democracy and nation-state building] The partition of Czechoslovakia can be explained from four points of view. First, Czechs and Slovaks did not share a common historical memory. Second, they had a different relationship to modernisation. Third, the state remained highly centralised because of the Czechs' Jacobin inclination. Four, politicians instrumentalised ethno-nationalist issues in the framework of the post-communist electoral competition. While the choice of the Czechs seemed to be justified by their successful transition to a market economy and their gradual integration into the European Union, the 1998 elections showed that the régime had not been that successful, eithe...