La acción tutorial como escenario de colaboración familia-escuela

ABSTRACT We present a study that aims to analyze, from a critical-reflective perspective, the tutor role in family-school relations in early childhood and primary schools through the discourse of 45 initial training teachers at the University of Cantabria who are taking the subject of Tutorial Action. From a methodological framework, the research is is based on the tradition of qualitative research. It is characterized by the plurality of data collection strategies and techniques carried out. Beside the traditional ones traditionally used in qualitative research, such as participant observation and focus groups, we incorporate participatory research methodologies such as: diamond 9, unfinished phrases and the construction of written narratives. Among the results obtained, we highlight: the value of the participation of families in the educational processes and the recognition of the role of the tutor as mediator, which contrasts with his absence in the design and development of the curriculum, as well as the promotion of specific and limited spaces predefined by the teachers; the unidirectional exchange of information; the presence of family participation in the management and organization of the schools through formal spaces. As a conclusion, the need to explore good practices linked to the involvement of families in teaching-learning processes that transcend punctual actions; to develop initiatives that increase family decision-making beyond formal spaces; and, expand the use of new technologies as a channel of communication and participation of families in the school.RESUMEN Este estudio tiene como objeto analizar, desde una perspectiva crítico-reflexiva, la labor del tutor/a en las relaciones familia-escuela en centros educativos de Educación Infantil y Primaria a través de los discursos de 45 maestros en formación de la Universidad de Cantabria. Metodológicamente, el trabajo se enmarca en la tradición de la investigación cualitativa. Se caracteriza por la pluralidad de estrategias y técnicas de obtención de datos llevadas a cabo. A las tradicionales de la investigación cualitativa, como la observación participante y los grupos de discusión, se incorporan metodologías participativas como: el diamante 9, las frases inconclusas y la construcción de narraciones escritas. Entre los resultados obtenidos destacan: la alta valoración de la participación de las familias en los procesos educativos y el reconocimiento del papel del tutor como mediador, que contrasta con su ausencia en el diseño y desarrollo curricular, así como con la promoción de espacios puntuales y acotados, predefinidos por los docentes; el intercambio unidireccional de información; la presencia de una participación familiar en la gestión y organización del centro a través de órganos de representación. Como conclusión emerge la necesidad de explorar buenas prácticas ligadas a la implicación de las familias en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje que trasciendan las actuaciones puntuales; desarrollar de iniciativas que aumenten la toma de decisiones de las familias más allá de los espacios formales; y, ampliar el uso de las nuevas tecnologías como canal de comunicación y participación de las familias en la escuela.ABSTRACT We present a study that aims to analyze, from a critical-reflective perspective, the tutor role in family-school relations in early childhood and primary schools through the discourse of 45 initial training teachers at the University of Cantabria who are taking the subject of Tutorial Action. From a methodological framework, the research is is based on the tradition of qualitative research. It is characterized by the plurality of data collection strategies and techniques carried out. Beside the traditional ones traditionally used in qualitative research, such as participant observation and focus groups, we incorporate participatory research methodologies such as: diamond 9, unfinished phrases and the construction of written narratives. Among the results obtained, we highlight: the value of the participation of families in the educational processes and the recognition of the role of the tutor as mediator, which contrasts with his absence in the design and development of the curriculum, as well as the promotion of specific and limited spaces predefined by the teachers; the unidirectional exchange of information; the presence of family participation in the management and organization of the schools through formal spaces. As a conclusion, the need to explore good practices linked to the involvement of families in teaching-learning processes that transcend punctual actions; to develop initiatives that increase family decision-making beyond formal spaces; and, expand the use of new technologies as a channel of communication and participation of families in the school