As a result of global climatic changes that followed the Little Ice Age, most Arctic glaciers are retreating and more areas are becoming available for plant colonization. Such a process can be observed on Svalbard in the frontal areas of five glaciers, located on the north western coastline and in the central part of the island. To determine the relationship between retreating glacial fronts and plant colonization processes, systematic releves are normally utilized. The resulting data usually indicate that time since glacial retreat is the primarily determining of vegetation evolution in terms of physiognomy and floristic composition. Although the floristic sequence is the same from the early pioneer stages to later mature ones, we found th...