International audienceClimatic changes that took place since the end of the Little Ice Age have considerably disturbed environmental balances in the high latitudes. In Spitsbergen (79°N) (Svalbard archipelago) valley glaciers moved back ca. 1 km in one century. In the recently deglacia- ted areas, new paraglacial processes have been acting on the landscape. They are accompanied by plant colonisation, the dynamics of which correlate with the increase through time of plant cover andfloristic diversity. The paraglacial dynamics, however, contribute with gelifluction to the instability of the sedimentary deposits at different time and spatial scales and partly destroy the plant cover. There is thus a strong interactive link between postglacial ...