Until the XIX th century, the economical, alimentary and symbolic interests of small grains set them apart the mass of the winter corn. However the economic, demographic, geographic and social standing of so many different plants like birdseed, buckwheat, maize or sorghum is shown by the study of various sources materials, such as botany's treaties, manuals of agriculture, Napoleonic's statistics, and mails between administrators of provinces, farming handbook, market prices lists or legal publications. All of these plants are first difficult to identify in the XVIth century, but their designations become clearer with the Linnean system. They all belong to a coherent rural system. These spring grains are part taking to the rotations of crop...