The effect of training background and acute exercise type on the cytokine response to exercise

Acute aerobic and resistance training exercise provide different stimulus to the body. Chronic training in either of these modalities leads to adaptations that alter the body’s response to acute exercise bouts. Growth Hormone (GH), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) are all well studied biomarkers in regard to both their acute response to exercise, as well as the adaptations to that response from chronic training. Purpose: To compare the effect of chronic endurance (END) or resistance (RES) training on the acute GH, IL-6 and IL-10 responses to trained versus novel exercise bouts. Methods: Chronically END (n=10; Mage= 24.8±4.92 years; Mht= 177.3±5.8 cm; Mwt= 68.9±4 kg; M%BF = 10.1±4.1%) and RES (n=10; Mage= 23.2±2.8 years; Mht= 173.1±8.1 cm; Mwt= 76.8±8.8 kg; M%BF = 15.5±6%) trained men were taken through separate prescribed weight training (WT) and aerobic (AER) exercise bouts based on earlier testing. Subjects arrived 2hr fasted and euhydrated and had blood drawn pre- (T0), 5 minutes (T1) and 60 minutes (T2) post exercise bout. Blood was then processed, and GH, IL-6, and IL-10 values were ascertained by hormone specific ELISA and custom human cytokine panels, respectively. Results: GH ad a significant main effect for time (P<.05) and a significant effect for time by condition (P<.05). For IL-6, there was a trend for a main effect of time (P<.10), with no significant differences between groups for either condition. IL-10 had a trend for a main effect of condition as well as time (P<.10), with the RES group having no difference in response between bouts and the END group only differing at T2 with the AE bout eliciting a greater response (P<.05). Conclusions: GH’s role as a differential energy sensor was demonstrated by the difference in responses between conditions, while the lack of response by IL-6 provides insights to other factors that may need to be controlled for in future studies. The unexpected disconnect between the IL-6 and IL-10 response also demonstrates the need for continued exploration into the cytokine signaling mechanisms in response to exercise.M.S.Includes bibliographical reference