The goal of this work is to synthesize the results of research conducted in the area of cognitive science of religion. It presents chosen trends that propose new theories of the forming of religions as a result of the breakthrough in the humanities and the development in research on mind and consciousness. The work is an attempt at reviewing contemporary theories of the forming of religious beliefs in anthropology, evolutionary psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Also, it presents cognitive criticism of the classical religious theories. Moreover, the work presents the mental mechanisms responsible for the forming of religious images as well as tools for studying them. Finally, it is an attempt at indicating some imprefections of assumpt...