The public defense on 20th May 2020 at 12:00 will be organized via remote technology. Link: https://aalto.zoom.us/j/65180381929 Zoom Quick Guide: https://www.aalto.fi/en/services/zoom-quick-guideIn this doctoral thesis, diesel injection and spray formation in modern diesel engines were studied. The goal of this thesis is to answer some fundamental questions and hypotheses about injection and spray formation in modern diesel engines. First, the fundamental spray characteristics of renewable diesel were studied under non-evaporative conditions. Second, these spray characteristics were studied under extremely high cylinder pressure. Third, the spray characteristics of conical nozzle orifice geometry were studied. Finally, the spray character...