Coupling Ionospheric Outflow to Magnetospheric Models

Plasma of ionospheric origin is ever present in the magnetosphere. This plasma population makes up a significant fraction of the magnetospheric composition. O+, a clear indicator of an ionospheric source, is particularly seen during geomagnetically active times and has consequences for the entire space environment system. The presence of ionospheric outflows affects reconnection, the transport and energization of plasma, the ring current, and it modulates the wave environment in the magnetosphere. This talk presents an overview of efforts to include ionospheric outflow into global models. We will further discuss recent progress in including outflow mechanisms such as wave-particle interactions and superthermal electrons into the coupling paradigm