Nutritive value of raw and heat treatedsoybean in broilers nutrition dependingof the level of tripsin inhibitor

Soja predstavlja jedan od osnovnih hraniva koje se koristi u ishrani pilića u tovu, za zadovoljenje potreba u proteinima i esencijalnim aminokiselinama. Po ukupnom sadržaju proteina i njihovoj biološkoj vrednosti soja se svrstava u jedno od najkvalitetnijih proteinskih hraniva, čija aminokiselinska struktura može potpuno da zadovolji potrebe pilića u skoro svim esencijalnim aminokiselinama. Prisustvo Kunitz tripsin inhibitora (KTI), i drugih termolabilnih antinutritivnih faktora ograničava upotrebu soje uz obaveznu termičku obradu. Selekcijski napredak omogućio je stvaranje novih sorti koje imaju niži nivo antinutritivnih faktora, među kojima je i sorta „Lana“. Prema ostvarenim rezultatima upotreba soje sorte „Lana“ u smešama (grover i finišer) za ishranu brojlera u koncentraciji od 30% dala je značajno lošije proizvodne parametre u odnosu na termički tretiranu, ali i značajno bolje u odnosu na termički neobrađenu sortu sa standardnim nivoom KTI. Zabeležena ekonomska efikasnost i indeks cena u SL grupi je skoro isti kao i kod grupa sa termičkim tretmanom. Najveća površina i visina crevnih resica, kao i dubina kripte je zabeležena u SL grupi. Konstatovana je statistički vrlo značajna hipertrofija pankreasa i uvećanje jetre kod SS grupe ali i značajno uvećanje pankreasa u SL grupi u odnosu na grupe sa termičkim tretmanom. Evidentna je i značajno lošija svarljivost hranljivih materija (marker metoda, i metoda totalne kolekcije) u SL i SS grupama nasuprot onih grupa koje su bile na termičkom tretmanu. Kod upotrebe različitih nivoa sorte „Lana“ u finišer (peletiranim) smešama za ishranu brojlera, kada su u pitanju proizvodni parametri, dobijene vrednosti su zadovoljavajuće uz sporadična odstupanja u grupama SL14% i SL21%. Takođe Indeks cena i ekonomske efikasnosti je vrlo približan kontrolnoj grupi. Svarljivost u distalnom ileumu je bila značajno bolja u kontrolnoj i 7%SL grupi, za razliku od proksimalnog ileuma gde ne postoji statistička značajnost. Svarljivost azota u distalnom ileumu je bila značajno lošija u 21% SL grupi, dok u proksimalnom ileumu nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika. Retencija azota je bila značajno bolja u kontrolnoj i 7%SL grupi. Razmatrajući sve rezultate, upotreba soje „Lana“ u ishrani brojlera bez prethodne termičke obrade nije preporučljiva u ishrani od 11 dana u koncentraciji od 30% , ali je moguća u peletiranim finišer smešama u nivou do 14% udela u smeši.Soybean is one of the basic feed used in the chickens diet for , to satisfy the protein and essential amino acids needs. By total protein content and their biological value, the soybean is classified as one of the best protein sources, whose amino acid structure can fully meet the needs of chickens in almost all essential amino acids. The presence of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI), and other thermolabile antinutritional factors limiting the use of soy with necessary thermal processing. Selection progress has enabled the creation of new varieties that have lower levels of anti-nutritional factors, including the variety "Lana". Our results showed that the use of soybean variety "Lana" in mixtures (grower and finisher) for broilers at the concentration of 30% gave a significantly lower production parameters, as compared to heat-treated, but also a significant better, compared to the thermally non-treated soybean variety with standard level of KTI . Noted Economic efficiency and the Price index in the SL group was almost the same as in the group with thermal treatment. Largest surface and height of the villi and crypt depth was observed in the SL group. We found a statistically significant hypertrophy of the pancreas and enlargement of the liver in the SS group and a significant increase in pancreatic at SL group compared to the groups with thermal treatment. Evident is significantly worse digestibility of nutrients (marker method , and the method of total collection ) in the SL and SS groups opposed to those groups that were on the thermal treatment. When using a different levels of variety " Lana" in the finisher ( pelleted ) diets for broilers , in terms of production parameters, values obtained were satisfactory with sporadic deviations in groups and SL14% SL21% . Also index price and economic efficiency is highly approximate to the control group. The digestibility at the distal ileum was significantly better in the control and the SL 7%, group in contrast to the proximal ileum, where is no statistical significance. The digestibility of nitrogen in the distal ileum was significantly inferior to 21% SL group, and in the proximal ileum, there is no statistically significant differences. Nitrogen retention was significantly better control, and in 7%SL group. Considering all the results, the use of variety "Lana" in diet for broilers without heat treatment is not recommended in the grower mixture (from 11 day) at the concentration of 30%, but it is freely available for use in pellet for of finisher mixture, at levels up to 14% of mixture