KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN HASIL MIGAS DI TIMOR LESTE

Extraction on industrial sector is one of the economic growths in East Timor. Every year, this sector contributes about 95 percent of the State Budget (APBN). Oil revenues from year to year have increased. However, the increase of oil revenues has not given a significant impact on people's welfare. Thus, this study aims to determine how the policy management of oil revenues by the government. This research utilizes the qualitative methods in which the author does not conduct hypothesis testing but only describes the data obtained in the field. Then, the researcher makes the data interpretation, data analysis, and discussion of the data. The instruments used in this study are in-depth interviews and documentation study. The theory used in this research is the theory of public policy where the policy of managing oil and gas are part of the theory of public policy, the approach of macro and micro economic theory and theories for the results. The results showed that the oil revenues did not contribute significantly for the welfare of the society. If seen from the increasing level of poverty by year, the proportion of poor people in 2001 was 40 percent and was 50 percent in 2009. While the Human Development Index was only 0.48, and the unemployment rate was 46 percent. Twenty percent of the population earns only US$ 1 per day and more than sixty percent earn less than US$ 2. The condition was caused by the increasing of corruption action and low budget. The contribution of the oil fund to the budget is very small and low recruitment of local workers. This phenomenon by the social scientists is called �the curse of natural resources�. State has abundant natural resources. However, the performance of governance and economic development administration is bad. From the above results the author concludes that government policy in managing oil and natural gas has not been fully considered optimally. Therefore, it does not affect the improvement of living standards. If we use the theory of policy implementation, a policy in this case is not optimal, when the oil and gas management policy is not implemented properly because of the bad governance. The study thus suggests the need for improving the management arrangement of national oil and gas resource management. For example through a revision of Law No.9/2005 concerning oil and gas, as a basis for re-regulation and institutional arrangements for more effective management of oil and gas sector can provide a more optimal benefits for the national interest. Besides, it needs to strengthen legal institutions so as to combat corruption