The diploma thesis characterises the matter of the VAT fraud. The concept and the definition of VAT fraud by the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union are discussed in the theoretical part. This part of the thesis also contains the description of the progression of VAT tax revenues in the Czech Republic and outlines the structure of the VAT gap and the causes of its origin. The practical part portrays the analysis of judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Supreme Administrative Court of the Czech Republic in the area of value added tax concerning various issues. The thesis includes various graphs, tables and diagrams for clearer illustration of the issues of VAT in the Czech Republic.Diplomová práce...