MORPHEME AND SYLLABLE STRUCTURE OF A WORD IN ENGLISH AND CHINESE

The article discusses the peculiarities of morpheme and syllable structure of a word in typologically different languages, English and Chinese. It is important to determine the most typical morpheme structures root, suffixal, prefixal and prefixal-suffixal and their specific implementations in the form of certain morpheme models. Moreover, the article highlights the significance of studying morpheme structure for differentiation of the main semiological classes of words content words, pronominal words and function words, parts of speech and among them nouns and verbs, which form the universality of noun-verb distinction. In addition, the index of grammaticality is defined as well as the degree of word's synthesis. Owing to systematicity of language and correlation of its Content plane and Expression plane, classes of words are distinguished not only at the morphological level, but also at the phonological level. In this respect, there is a major difference between inventory and typology of sound means in typologically different languages. The article traces the main tendencies of word morpheme and syllable correlation in English and Chinese. In addition, it proves the significance of establishing the degree of lexicality/grammaticality of morpheme, word and language analyzing interrelation of the morphological and phonological levels' units