A pányva és a parittya szerepe a középkori nomád népek harcmodorában

Due to the organic materials used in the fabrication of the components, the usage of the tether and the sling is only proved by written sources. The tether is a typical nomad device. Its application has been took over by other settled people, like the Sarmatians in Eastern-Europe or the Goths. Throwing the tether was a widespread combat style among the nomad people (Sarmatians, Alans, Huns) 2nd—6th century AC. Subsequendy the sources do not mention this weapon, only later, when they write about the Mongols. In spite of this, we cannot state unequivocally that the nomad people did not use tether after the 6Л century until the arrival of the Mongols. It is important to state that the tether was not only a weapon, but also a main tool of the nomad people, used for shepherding of big animals. Therefore, there is litde likelihood that it had not been used by Avars of Hungarians to manage their livestock. Moreover, it was also used to capture prisoners. In case of the Avars, the sources refer to capturing slaves from the Slavic people and also to capturing prisoners from the Byzantine region. We have data from the following times about slave trade, practiced by the Hungarians, Pechenegs and the Cumans. We can assume that these tribes also used the same tool to capture the slaves. It seems that by this time the Byzantine army also commonly used the tether, as Maurikios and Leo VI commemorates its usage upon writing about the weaponry of the Byzantine army. The sources also mention the sling as a projectile weapon used for distances during the Byzantine—Avar. It was commonly used in Europe since the Roman era. The Avars most probably have acquired it from the Byzantines or other European nations