We measured concentrations of dissolved and leachable particulate lead in the water column along a 40°S zonal transect in the South Atlantic Ocean, as part of the international GEOTRACES section GA10. Dissolved Pb (DPb) concentrations were highest in surface waters (8–29 pmol L−1) and lowest near the sea floor (<5 pmol L−1). Estimates for mineral sourced DPb for the South Atlantic surface ocean yielded a concentration of 5 ± 1 pmol L−1, suggesting that about 59% of the 12 ± 2 pmol L−1 (n = 85) DPb present in today's South Atlantic surface ocean has come from anthropogenic sources. Available values for wet deposition of 14 ± 12 nmol Pb m−2 d−1 (Chance et al., 2015) allow the calculation of an average residence time of 35 ± 31 days for DPb in...