During the last few decades, the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic solar cell has been significantly improved, almost reaching the Shockley-Queisser theoretical limit. At this point, a profound understanding of material properties and its evolution during the solar cell fabrication processes become increasingly crucial to further improve the cell conversion efficiency. For this reason, my doctoral studies have been focused on the development of in-situ characterization tools, which allows the studies of material properties in real time during the processes. The tools were developed based on photoluminescence techniques, in which the sample (semiconductor materials) is optically excited and simultaneously emits photons with energy approx...