Challenges in Clinical Trial Design for T Cell‐Based Cancer Immunotherapy

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells can induce impressive response rates in patients with refractory B cell malignancies. Adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes or T cell receptor‐engineered T cells are other promising treatment modalities currently in clinical development. Requirements for clinical trial design for T cell‐based cancer immunotherapy significantly differ from established criteria for small‐molecule or antibody‐based anticancer drugs. Here, we highlight important differences regarding preclinical development, trial design, and reporting of clinical trials