Polar regions are particularly sensitive to the present climate change because of amplification mechanisms at play. Ice cores from Antarctica and Greenland provide precious archives of paleoclimatic variations at these high latitudes but also provide information on environmental changes at lower latitudes. This work takes advantage of information inferred from the air trapped in ice: the elemental and isotopic composition of air (N2, O2, Ar and Kr) and the methane concentration. Our results provide new insights on three different issues: (i) Past dynamic of Antarctic firn. Measurements of krypton isotopes provide direct evidences for the presence of a deep convective zone (20-50m) in the firn at Dome C during glacial periods. Based on nitro...