With the start of the 21st century, it becomes obvious that human activities directly or indirectly impact the climate system. It is thus of high priority to improve future climate simulations and their consequences. Part of this priority relies on exploring the past.Air extracted from polar ice in Greenland and Antarctica is a fantastic recorder of past changes in the Earth's atmospheric composition. Data obtained on several ice cores have shown a strong correlation between the mixing ratio of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) and temperature, on a time scale of hundreds of thousands of years. These data have revealed that the currently elevated greenhouse gas mixing ratios had no equivalent over the last 650'000 years, within the resolutio...