Activities of Red Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Ethanolic Extract in Steatosis Prevention: in Vivo Study

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak etanolik daun bayam (Amaranthus tricolor L.) terstandar sebagai upaya preventif steatosis berdasarkan aktivitas enzim ALT dan histopatologis hati. Hewan uji yang dipergunakan adalah tikus Sprague-Dawley jantan. Sebanyak 30 tikus dibagi ke dalam 6 kelompok yaitu kelompok normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (simvastatin 0,9 mg/kgBB), perlakuan I (ekstrak bayam merah 200 mg/kgBB), perlakuan II (ekstrak bayam merah 400 mg/kgBB), dan perlakuan III (ekstrak bayam merah 800 mg/kgBB). Hari pertama sampai hari ke-67 seluruh kelompok kecuali kelompok normal dan kontrol negatif dilakukan pemberian terapi preventif, selanjutnya hari ke-8 sampai hari ke-67 dilakukan induksi diet tinggi lemak dua jam setelah pemberian terapi preventif. Penetapan kadar ALT dilakukan pada hari ke-0 dan 67. Pada hari ke-68 dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi hati. Analisis menggunakan One Way Anova yang dilanjutkan analisis Post-Hoc Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanolik daun bayam merah terstandar dosis 200 mg/kgBB, 400 mg/kgBB dan 800 mg/kgBB dapat mempertahankan kadar ALT dalam rentang normal dan memperlihatkan gambaran histopatologi hati yang normal. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanolik daun bayam merah terstandar berpotensi sebagai terapi preventif steatosis.This study aimed to examine the activities of red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) ethanolic extract in preventing steatosis by referring to ALT activities and liver histopathological parameters. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups of normal, negative control, positive control (0.9 mg/kgBW simvastatin), treatment I (200 mg/kgBW extract), treatment II (400 mg/kgBW extract), and treatment III (800 mg/kgBW extract). From day 1 to day 67, apart from the normal and negative-control groups, all other groups were given preventive therapy, and high-fat, high-cholesterol diet was applied two hours after preventive therapy from day 8 to day 67. ALT parameters were determined on day 0 and 67. Histopathological changes in the liver were examined on day 68. One-way ANOVA was performed followed by post-hoc Tukey HSD test. The results indicated that the ethanolic extract of red spinach at doses of 200 mg/kgBW, 400 mg/kgBW and 800 mg/kgBW could maintain ALT levels at normal values. Histopathological image of the liver treated with ethanolic extract of red spinach at doses of 200 mg/kgBW, 400 mg/kgBW, and 800 mg/kgBW showed normal condition. These findings suggest that standardized ethanol extract of red spinach leaves has the potential to prevent steatosis