This article aims at tracking the political traditions inaugurated with the Triple Alianza war, reinvigorated in the 1940s and 1950s with the impossibility of constitution of a liberal democratic regime but also with the limitations of the economic regime, which had been created as a result of the Guerra Grande. In this sense, the article develops and shows, in a long term perspective, the changes in the State and the Nation from the beginning of the Independent Republic, to Stroessner’s dictatorship and to the current process of transition to political democracy. The central question is how the constitution of a State and the invention of a Nation accompanied by the always possible Triple Alianza war, fostered a lot of representa...