Definitions, frameworks, modeling techniques, current practices of and promising technologies for community and infrastructure system resiliency

Resiliency research and implementation has become a topic of importance to academia, the US government and industry in the light of the increased number, type and frequency of natural and manmade disasters faced by communities within the United States. The term resilience has so many definitions and methods to model or assess that the idea is almost meaningless without the context of the objectives of the research being conducted or policy being implemented. The lack of unified effort to establish or develop a coordinated resiliency improvement strategy, assessment methodology or a quantifiable prioritization framework for resource allocation makes the implementation of resilience a difficult task, at best, for community decision makers and infrastructure managers. This study identifies current issues with resiliency improvement or enhancement, discusses the application of technology to resilience improvement and provides actionable recommendations to improve resiliency efforts at all levels of government.Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineerin