Analysis of scrotal swellings in Madurai Medical College

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Scrotal swellings are one of the most common presenting symptom in surgical opd. Causes of scrotal swellings very much changed in last 10 to 20 years. Like, hydrocele was the most common cause of scrotal swellings in past but now a days significant reduction in hydrocele cases noted. Now a days epididymo orchitis is most common cause of scrotal swellings. Same way varicocele cases significantly increased in last 10 years. varicocele which is one of the most common surgically correctable cause of male infertility. This study analyses various causes for scrotal swellings and their pattern of incidence in Govt. Rajaji Hospital. METHODS: The present study is a prospective study consists of 60 cases admitted in Government Rajaji Hospital, attached to Madurai Medical College, Madurai during the study from October 2016 to September 2017. 60 cases (with scrotal swelling) for the purpose of the study were selected randomly. For all patients clinical study was done through questionnaires and clinical examination. RESULTS: In this study most common cause of scrotal swelling is epididymo orchitis. Second most common cause of scrotal swelling is hydrocele. Third most common cause is varicocele followed by epididymitis, orchitis, epididymal cyst was found. The maximum incidence of scrotal swelling occurred between the group of 31-40 years of age followed by the group of 21-30 years of age. The duration of symptoms varied from few hours to some days. The shortest duration of symptoms detected by this study was 12 hours (Torsion testis) and longest duration was 353days (varicocele). In our study, it was detected that scrotal swelling was distributed more on the right side. Also found that most of the varicocele and torsion testis on left side. most common presenting symptom is pain followed by painless swelling. Majority of cases predisposing factors could not be made out which is labeled as idiopathic. Only 8% of scrotal swelling cases is associated with infertility among which varicocele being most common cause. Most of the scrotal swelling cases treated surgically than conservatively. CONCLUSION: • Most common cause of scrotal swelling is epididymo orchitis. • Increased incidence of varicocele cases Significant decreased incidence of hydrocele cases. • Among the scrotal swellings ,varicocele cases found that most commonly associated with infertility. • Most common age group of scrotal swelling is 31-40 years. • Most of the scrotal swelling present in right side than left side except varicocele. • Most common presenting symptom is pain followed by painless swelling. • Most common predisposing factor is idiopathic. • Only 8% of scrotal swelling cases is associated with infertility among which varicocele being most common cause. • Most of the scrotal swelling cases treated surgically than conservatively