ЗАСОБИ ВИОКРЕМЛЕННЯ ОБ’ЄКТА В ХУДОЖНЬОМУ ТЕКСТІ

The article describes the means of identifying a particular object in a literary text. The purpose of the article is to study the linguistic means to identify the object in dialogue and monologue speech. To achieve this aim of the work it is necessary to find out the following tasks: to explore the meaning of the concepts of the addresser’ intention and the addressee’ need to determine the specific object, to characterize the types of speech and describe the means of their implementation. The use of structures with the relation of identification allows to distinguish such the addresser’ intentions as informative (the statement of declarative sentences of the real or irreal fact, the transmission of messages by the speaker); interrogative (forms a cognitive process-search, implements the addresser’ gnoseology need to fill the information gaps in knowledge), interactive (focuses on installation, activation and initiation of contact between the participants of a communicative act). According to the addresser’ intention and the addressee’ need the structures with the relation of identification are divided into completed, in which the addressee clearly identifies the object, and uncompleted, which can be successful or unsuccessful.Key words: monologue speech, dialogical speech, the object, the addresser’ intention, the addressee’ need.У статті проаналізовано засоби ідентифікування певного об’єкта в художньому тексті, які можуть бути репрезентовані як на рівні простого й складного речень, так і в межах тексту. Окреслено такі основні складники реалізації процесу ідентифікації, як намір адресанта і потреба адресата у виокремленні об’єкта. Відповідно до наміру виокремити певний об’єкт і здатності це здійснити класифікуємо конструкції за ступенем завершеності процесу ідентифікації, яку поділяємо на завершену (адресат недвозначно ідентифікує об’єкт) і незавершену, яка може бути успішною або неуспішною через бажання / небажання та спроможність / неспроможність адресанта надати необхідні ознаки для виокремлення певного об’єкта.Ключові слова: монологічне мовлення, діалогічне мовлення, певний об’єкт, намір адресанта, потреба адресата. The article describes the means of identifying a particular object in a literary text. The purpose of the article is to study the linguistic means to identify the object in dialogue and monologue speech. To achieve this aim of the work it is necessary to find out the following tasks: to explore the meaning of the concepts of the addresser’ intention and the addressee’ need to determine the specific object, to characterize the types of speech and describe the means of their implementation. The use of structures with the relation of identification allows to distinguish such the addresser’ intentions as informative (the statement of declarative sentences of the real or irreal fact, the transmission of messages by the speaker); interrogative (forms a cognitive process-search, implements the addresser’ gnoseology need to fill the information gaps in knowledge), interactive (focuses on installation, activation and initiation of contact between the participants of a communicative act). According to the addresser’ intention and the addressee’ need the structures with the relation of identification are divided into completed, in which the addressee clearly identifies the object, and uncompleted, which can be successful or unsuccessful.Key words: monologue speech, dialogical speech, the object, the addresser’ intention, the addressee’ need