The Right to Peace and the Diplomacy of Dialogue / O Direito à Paz e a Dipolomacia do Diàlogo

THE RIGHT TO COABITATION BETWEEN WAR AND PEACE 1- The cohabitation of different cultural groups in the same territory is an effect of globalization, which eliminates the boundaries between peoples and between states. This phenomenon occurs for different reasons: the main one is that which pushes the victims (of every form of violence, conflict and poverty) towards countries that are socially and economically richer and more stable, creating large migratory flows. But today there is another migration effect for economic reasons from countries in great economic development to countries rich in raw materials and natural wealth: Africa is the country most involved as a place of arrival and new conditions of cohabitation are determined with the presence of numerous different groups (for culture, traditions, language, visions of life) that for reasons of economic interest live together. This foreign presence is not indifferent and can be a source of further conflicts, including violent ones, especially if dictatorial power groups are strengthened. 2- The conflicts that arise even from these highly dependent situations (a kind of new colonialism) increase the situations of war that affect a large part of the planet: a kind of "war in pieces", which poses new problems among which if it is right to react against the violence of the new powerful and how, a question similar to that if the right war principle exists. 3-The theme of just war affects religions and even Christian religions, which have posed the problem from the theological point of view. 4- Pope Paul VI in his encyclical Populorum Progressio acknowledged that one could react with all force against the tyrant in cases of great and lasting violation of fundamental human rights. But, the subsequent magisterium has tried to go further, always for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. 5- Pope Francis defines the numerous existing conflicts as the "third world war in pieces" and in continuity with the previous papal magisterium he promotes a proposal that in fact overcomes the theme of the just war. 6- Dialogue as a legal instrument can commit the parties to overcome conflicts and religions can play a very important role in this direction