DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF COLORECTAL CANCER: A REVIEW

Abstract: Â Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide problem, with an annual incidence of approximately 1 million cases and an annual mortality of more than 500,000. CRC is the second most common cause of cancer mortality among men and women. Most CRCs arise from sporadic adenomas, and a few from genetic polyposis syndromes or inflammatory bowel diseases. Screening of CRC can be done by Computerized Tomography (CT) Colonoscopy, Sigmoidoscopy, virtual colonoscopy, Fecal Immunohistochemical Test (FIT), Fecal Occult Blood Testing (FOBT). Capecitabine Adrucil Avastine Bevacizumab, Camptosar,Cetuximabetc.drugs are used in thecoloncancer.Adrucil(Fluorouracil),Efudex,Erbitux(Cetuximab),Fluoroplex(Fluorouracil),Irinotecan Hydrochloride etc. drugs are used in rectal cancer. T, N, and M categories have been determined, usually after surgery, this information is combined in a process called stage grouping expressedin roman I to IV. Most colorectal cancers should be preventable, through increased surveillance, improved lifestyle, and, probably, the use of dietary chemopreventative agents. Some therapies also used to treat CRC like radiation therapy, angiogenesis inhibitors therapy. Key words; Colorectal cancer, Drugs used in cancer therapy, TNM categories