Variability of total sulphur content and nitrogen/sulphur relationship in grain of different crops

Istraživanje u sklopu ovog diplomskog rada uključilo je objedinjenje rezultata sadržaja sumpora u 1460 uzoraka zrna (pšenice, kukuruza, raži, ječma, soje, zobi i uljane repice) iz 39 izvješda koje su djelatnici Zavoda za opdu proizvodnju bilja Agronomskog fakulteta producirali u razdoblju od 2002. do 2017. godine u sklopu znanstvenih i stručnih projekata. Uzorci zrna su u petnaestogodišnjem razdoblju prikupljeni s devet višegodišnjih poljskih pokusa različitih s obzirom na NPK gnojidbu i primjenu materijala za kalcizaciju i pet lokaliteta smještenih u sljededim poljoprivrednim regijama RH: istočno-panonskoj (Vinkovci i Vukovar), zapadno-panonskoj (Potok), sjeverozapadno-panonskoj (Lepoglava) te planinsko-gorskoj (Gospid). U pogledu varijabilnosti sadržaja sumpora u pojedinim ratarskim usjevima može se zaključiti kako su različite sorte i različiti hibridi značajno različito akumulirali sadržaj sumpora, osobito hibridi kukuruza i uljane repice te sorte pšenica i ječma. Statistički značajne razlike u sadržaju sumpora u zrnu soje nisu utvrđene, a za raž i zob statistička analiza usporedbe srednjih vrijednosti nije niti provedena jer su ova dva usjeva samo jednom bila zastupljena tijekom istraživanja. Usjevi koji su akumulirali količine sumpora vede od 0,20 % su sljededi: hibrid kukuruza PR38H67 (0,266 %), sorta pšenice Renan (0,298 %) i sorta dvorednog ječma Barun (0,242 %). Hibrid uljane repice 46W09 iskazao je najvedi potencijal u usvajanju sumpora i iznosio je 0,494 %. U pogledu varijabilnosti N/S odnosa u pojedinim ratarskim usjevima može se zaključiti kako je varijabilnost bila potpuno uvjetovana sadržajem usvojenog sumpora te je u sortama i hibridima u kojima je utvrđen statistički značajno viši sadržaj sumpora, N/S odnos bio niži u donosu na ostale hibride i sorte za pojedine istraživane usjeve. Sveukupno gledano, u 624 uzorka zrna kukuruza, N/S odnos iznosio je 12,6, u 432 uzorka pšenice iznosio je 15,0, u 156 uzoraka ječma 9,78, u 80 uzoraka soje 31,8, u 72 uzoraka uljane repice 23,0, u 48 uzoraka raži 9,6 te u 48 uzoraka zobi 6,4.The research in this thesis included the consolidation of the results of sulphur content in 1460 grain samples (wheat, maize, rye, barley, soybeans, oats and rapeseeds) from 39 reports performed by employees of the Department for General Plant Production of the Faculty of Agriculture during the period from 2002 to 2017 as part of scientific and professional projects. The grain samples were collected during the fifteen years from nine perennial field experiments differ in NPK fertilization, application of calcium materials and sampled from five different locations situated in the following agricultural regions of the Republic of Croatia: East Pannonian (Vinkovci and Vukovar), West Pannonian (Potok), Northwest Panonian (Lepoglava) and Mountain (Gospid). Concerning the variability of sulphur content in some crops, it can be concluded that different varieties and hybrids have significantly different accumulated sulphur content, especially maize and rapeseed hybrids, wheat and barley varieties. Statistically significant differences in sulphur content in soybean grains were not determined, and the statistical analysis of the mean value comparison for rye and oats wasn’t carried out because these two crops were only represented once during the research. Crops that accumulated sulphur content greater than 0.20 % were: maize hybrid PR38H67 (0.266 %), wheat variety Renan (0.298 %) and two-rowed barley variety Barun (0.242 %). Rapeseed hybrid 46W09 exhibited the highest potential for sulphur uptake which was 0.494 %. Concerning the variability of the N/S ratio in some crops, it can be concluded that the variability was completely dependent on the content of the uptaken sulphur and in the varieties and hybrids in which was determined statistically significant higher sulphur content, the N/S ratio was lower in comparison to other hybrids and varieties for each of the researched crops. Overall, in 624 samples of maize grain the N/S ratio was 12.6, in 432 wheat samples it was 15.0, in 156 samples of barley 9.78, in 80 samples of soybean 31.8, in 72 samples of rapeseed 23.0, in 48 samples of rye 9.6 and in 48 samples of oats it was 6.4