Béatrice Ludwig : Norms and values in the education of young children in Germany By encouraging childcare within the family up to the age of three, family policy in Germany increases the risk of professional exclusion for mothers. Although there have been changes in the approach to childcare models, a strong divergence continues between supporters of crèches and their detractors, who defend the pre-eminence of parental, and in particular maternal, competence in the care of very small children. The study of a particular model of collective care -the "mixed age group", also called the "Cologne model" -makes it possible to understand how such an approach to socialisation is difficult to put into practice in a political context marked by the i...