[[alternative]]Optimal design of a solar-powered airplane equipped with mobile phone base station

碩士[[abstract]]本篇論文主要是運用基因演算法與移動漸近線法來尋求搭載行動電話基地台太陽能飛機於最低能量消耗下的最佳外型與巡航速度。最佳化的過程中，將飛機的函數用展弦比、翼面積及巡航速度參數化。隨著參數化的結果，建立基因演算法與移動漸近線法的最佳化問題和限制條件，進而搜索最低能量運作時的最佳結果。太陽能飛機搭載的基地台重量為12kg、消耗的能量為125W、基地台正常運作下的飛行高度為5000公尺。最佳化的結果，搭載行動電話基地台太陽能飛機之展弦比為36.93，翼面積為5.8562m，總質量為38.3766kg，最低能量消耗下的巡航速度為7.769ms。[[abstract]]This paper presents the use of genetic algorithm and method of moving asymptotes to optimize the size and cruise speed of a solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with mobile phone base station. The function of the aircraft is then parameterized as three performance parameters: aspect ratio of wing and wing reference area and cruise speed. With the parameterization results, the establishment of genetic algorithms and method of moving asymptotes of optimization problems and constraints, and then search for the optimal results for minimum energy operation. The weight of base station is 12kg, energy consumption is 125 W, flight altitude of 5000 m base station is functioning properly. Optimization results, the aspect ratio of wing is 36.93, the referenced wing area is 5.8562m, the mass of aircraft is 38.3766kg, and the cruise speed for minimum power consumption is 7.769ms.[[tableofcontents]]目錄 目錄 ................................................................................................. III 表目錄.............................................................................................VI 圖次.............................................................................................. VIII 符號定義............................................................................................ 1 第一章序論...................................................................................... 4 1.1 研究動機 .............................................................................. 4 1.2 文獻回顧 .............................................................................. 9 第二章基地台................................................................................ 23 2.1 行動電話基地台系統運作原理......................................... 24 2.2 小型無線基地台................................................................ 28 第三章太陽飛機設計.................................................................... 31 3.1 展弦比................................................................................ 31 3.2 最低能量消耗下的巡航速度............................................. 32 3.3 質量參數化 ........................................................................ 35 3.4 翼尖形變 ............................................................................ 37 3.5 最佳化條件制訂................................................................ 39 第四章最佳化問題求解................................................................ 41 4.1 基因演算法 ........................................................................ 41 4.2 移動漸近線法.................................................................... 44 4.3 結果比較 ............................................................................ 49 第五章搭載基地台太陽能飛機設計............................................. 52 5.1 任務需求 ............................................................................ 52 5.2 最佳化求解 ........................................................................ 53 第六章結論.................................................................................... 56 參考文獻.......................................................................................... 57 附錄A S-鷫鸘製作.......................................................................... 59 載具細部設計........................................................................... 59 主翼製作.................................................................................. 60 尾部製作.................................................................................. 62 機身製作.................................................................................. 64 全機組裝.................................................................................. 65 附錄B 68 表目錄 表1.1空中通訊平台優勢比較(2001台北市為例) ........................... 8 表1.2 太陽能無人飛機參數 .......................................................... 20 表1.3 太陽能無人飛機參數 .......................................................... 21 表2.1 天線比較表 .......................................................................... 28 表2.2 小型基地台規格表 .............................................................. 29 表4.1 GA結果比較表 ..................................................................... 43 表4.2 係數方程式列表 .................................................................. 47 表4.3 MMA結果比較表 ................................................................. 48 表4.4 最佳解 .................................................................................. 51 表4.5 質量分布表 .......................................................................... 51 表5.1 最佳解 .................................................................................. 53 表5.2 質量分布表 .......................................................................... 54 表5.3 增設支架後最佳解 .............................................................. 55 表5.4 增設支架後質量分布表 ...................................................... 55 表5.3 增設支架後最佳解 .............................................................. 55 表5.4 增設支架後質量分布表 ...................................................... 55 圖次 圖1.1 世界第一架太陽能飛機 Sunrise I ......................................... 9 圖1.2 Sunrise II擁有更輕的重量及更多的能量 ............................ 10 圖1.3 人員駕駛的Gossamer Penguin............................................ 11 圖1.4 Solar Challenger載人橫越英吉利海峽 ................................. 12 圖1.5 Pathfinder 於夏威夷飛行 ..................................................... 13 圖1.6 Pathfinder Plus再度創下新的紀錄 ...................................... 14 圖1.7 Centurion能在黑暗中操作一定時間 ................................... 15 圖1.8 理想中的Helios能持續不間斷飛行 ................................... 16 圖1.9 SoLong太陽能無人飛機 ....................................................... 17 圖1.10 Odysseus白天飛行 ............................................................. 17 圖1.11 Odysseus夜間飛行 ............................................................. 18 圖1.12 Zephyr太陽能無人飛機 ..................................................... 18 圖1.13 Solar Impulse單人座太陽能飛機 ....................................... 19 圖2.1 一般常見基地台 .................................................................. 27 圖2.2 NEC發展的小型無線基地台 ................................................ 30 圖3.1 增設支架示意圖 .................................................................. 31 圖3.2 主樑受力形變圖 .................................................................. 37 圖3.3 增設支架主樑形變圖 .......................................................... 38 圖4.1 GA流程圖 ............................................................................. 42 圖4.2 MMA流程圖 ......................................................................... 45 圖4.3 Power required operation ...................................................... 46 圖4.4 reference wing area ............................................................... 49 圖4.5 cruise velocity ........................................................................ 49 圖4.6 Power required ...................................................................... 50[[note]]學號: 698430575, 學年度: 9