Reciprocity is one of the strategies that can stabilize cooperation. Nevertheless, some authors argue that reciprocal altruism is zoologically rare, and that this is a consequence of the high cognitive demands that it entails (e.g., inhibitory control, low temporal discounting, tracking of reputation). In this review, the hypothesis of the cognitive constraints on reciprocity is presented, and the main arguments and empirical evidence for and against it are critically discussed. With this aim in mind, I describe experimental studies of relevant cognitive abilities in nonhuman animals, and mention experimental and field evidence of reciprocal altruism in diverse species. The conclusion is that the distribution of reciprocity in nature could ...
Cooperation is common across nonhuman animal taxa, from the hunting of large game in lions to the ha...
Many non-human animals share food with each other, with kin, mates, and other unrelated individuals....
Many animals cooperate even with unrelated individuals in various contexts, like providing food or a...
La reciprocidad es una de las estrategias que pueden estabilizar la cooperación. Sin embargo, alguno...
Animals often aid others without gaining any immedi-ate benefits. Although these acts seem to reduce...
Reciprocity is probably one of the most debated theories in evolutionary research. After more than 4...
Animals often aid others without gaining any immediate benefits. Although these acts seem to reduce ...
Cooperation is usually described as a human tendency to act jointly that involves helping, sharing, ...
Cooperation is usually described as a human tendency to act jointly that involves helping, sharing, ...
The presence of direct reciprocity in animals is a debated topic, because, despite its evolutionary ...
Animals often aid others without gaining any immediate benefits. Although these acts seem to reduce ...
The comparative analysis of cooperation contributes to the understanding of both its evolutionary or...
The Swiss National Science Foundation provided funding to MKS (grant number P2BEP3 175269). The Euro...
While the evolution of cooperative behaviors has generated an intense debate among evolutionists an...
Imagine an individual called hunter that expends a good deal of energy to capture a gazelle. As th...
Cooperation is common across nonhuman animal taxa, from the hunting of large game in lions to the ha...
Many non-human animals share food with each other, with kin, mates, and other unrelated individuals....
Many animals cooperate even with unrelated individuals in various contexts, like providing food or a...
La reciprocidad es una de las estrategias que pueden estabilizar la cooperación. Sin embargo, alguno...
Animals often aid others without gaining any immedi-ate benefits. Although these acts seem to reduce...
Reciprocity is probably one of the most debated theories in evolutionary research. After more than 4...
Animals often aid others without gaining any immediate benefits. Although these acts seem to reduce ...
Cooperation is usually described as a human tendency to act jointly that involves helping, sharing, ...
Cooperation is usually described as a human tendency to act jointly that involves helping, sharing, ...
The presence of direct reciprocity in animals is a debated topic, because, despite its evolutionary ...
Animals often aid others without gaining any immediate benefits. Although these acts seem to reduce ...
The comparative analysis of cooperation contributes to the understanding of both its evolutionary or...
The Swiss National Science Foundation provided funding to MKS (grant number P2BEP3 175269). The Euro...
While the evolution of cooperative behaviors has generated an intense debate among evolutionists an...
Imagine an individual called hunter that expends a good deal of energy to capture a gazelle. As th...
Cooperation is common across nonhuman animal taxa, from the hunting of large game in lions to the ha...
Many non-human animals share food with each other, with kin, mates, and other unrelated individuals....
Many animals cooperate even with unrelated individuals in various contexts, like providing food or a...