Direct reciprocity in animals: The roles of bonding and affective processes
- Freidin, Esteban
- Carballo Pozzo Ardizzi, Fabricio
- Bentosela, Mariana
DOIAbstract
The presence of direct reciprocity in animals is a debated topic, because, despite its evolutionary plausibility, it isbelieved to be uncommon. Some authors claim that stable reciprocal exchanges require sophisticated cognition whichhas acted as a constraint on its evolution across species. In contrast, a more recent trend of research has focused on thepossibility that direct reciprocity occurs within long-term bonds and relies on simple as well as more complex affectivemechanisms such as emotional book-keeping, rudimentary and higher forms of empathy, and inequity aversion, amongothers. First, we present evidence supporting the occurrence of long-term reciprocity in the context of existing bondsin social birds and mammals. Second, we discu...
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