This study deals with the possible impact of Egeria�s Itinerary within the literary and artistic culture of the Spanish early Middle Ages and the importance of the image of the Cross. Ever since the 10th century, this iconography was part of the decoration of the privileged sections of the church devoted to Santiago, in Peñalba (León) and, although its dates are not so easy to determine, this motive also appears in the chapel of San Salvador de Samos (Lugo). From such pictorial examples, we corroborate the creation of a repertoire which would become common in an inertial way in later mural sets, as we can observe in the unpublished case of the church of San Roque del Castrillo del Monte (El Bierzo). In short, the author�s intention is to em...