PPARγ and LXR signaling in macrophages results in resistance or susceptibility to pathogens.

Infection with different pathogens can result in activation of PPARγ and LXR. Pathways regulated by these NRs and their impact on the host (mediating a resistant or susceptible phenotype) and pathogen (altered growth specified by ↑ or ↓) are indicated. Solid arrows indicate NR-mediated mechanisms between macrophage responses and effect on pathogen and/or disease. The dashed arrow indicates correlative links between NR-mediated macrophage responses and disease. CGD, chronic granulomatous disease; GI, gastrointestinal; LXR, liver X receptor; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NO, nitric oxide; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.