Northern blot analysis of the gene expression changes in <i>N</i>. <i>benthamiana</i> plants infected with wild-type and VSR mutant viruses at 15°C.

N. benthamiana plants were infected with CymRSV or CymRSV19S (A) and CIRV or CIRV19S viruses (B). Accumulation of Rubisco, CP29 and PR-Q mRNA was investigated in systemically infected leaves at 12 dpi by Northern blot analysis. Fold-change values are shown below each band (quantifications were normalized to mock controls). EtBr-stained agarose gel served as a loading control.