International audienceDuring the Middle Ages, a new object appears in the triangle patient, illness, doctor dating back from the Antiquity, it is the urinal. In this flask, the patient's urines were collected and examined to propose a diagnosis and a prognosis. The patient does not need to be here, his fluid was a representation pars pro toto. New medical modes were then established, with the urinal at the center of the relationship between the patient and his doctor. This flask, both an emblem of the medical profession and an embodiment of the patient, must have been very common. In texts and iconography, the urinal is very often cited and represented. But archeological traces are rare until the 14th century, though some examples have been...